This day I was honoured with yours of the 18th of June; it was forwarded to me at Roxborough in the County of Galway, where I have been these two months at my Eldest Son’s father-in-Law, Colonel William Parsse one of your most Zealous and warm American friends; he Served your Cause at County Meetings, by opposing Tyranny and Slaughter; Roxborough is situated in a delightfull Country the Land Naturaly luxuriant, all good natural Soil, the produce of all sorts of Corn is incredible; the Deer Park proves fit for Deer, as I never tasted fatter and finer Venison, and in such plenty that we had one Buck Killed Every Week; it is wooded and watered in just proportions; most of the Rivers in that part of the Country Sink into the Ground for 100 yards in some places, half a mile, and a mile, in others; I dug 8 feet to meet it, and found trouts and Eells in perfection; the whole Country must be undermined by those Subterannean Rivers. There is a Abundance of Grouse, Patredge, wild Ducks, and Snipes; trout and Salmon in plenty; Salt water fish brought 16 miles is very Cheap; 2s. for a good Turbot, 2 for a good Soal, 1d. a Large Crab, 1/2 for a Macarell; nothing dear but Salmon which (though there is plenty of it) costs 3d a pound; a Neighbour of his, Mr: Kirwan, has reclaimed many hundred acres of Black mountain, which gives him a very considerable rize of annual rent; it is by burning the Surface, then laying about 80 car Load of Limestone Gravel Spread on the Surface, ploughing it Gently and leave it so untill Spring, then with very little dung plant it with potatoes the Next year it will bear wheat, oates, Rope or flax, and if kept properly drained, it will not require any Manure for 3 or 4 years, then another Layer of Limestone Gravel must be Laid on If the Common People had the least Spirit of Industry, they might become rich Farmers, but the sloth and Apathy of the Common Irish prevents Industry; offers are made of Large Tracts of improveable Mountain and Bog, but not accepted of; In a few years a man, with a wife and 2 or 3 Children from 12 to 16 years, would improve Several acres, which would then (in 5 years) prove worth 9s. an acre and his rent only 6d. an acre, as any man (now) can get a Lease for 999 years. I visited many of their wretched Hovels, and endeavoured to Convince them how Easy it was to better their station, I explained the whole System of agriculture to them; and promised that their Landlord would give them a long lease; I stated to them the Comfort of warm Cloathing and Comfortable houses; no answer, but that, if such things had been possible, their fathers would have done so. The Inhabitants of Otaheite are Intelligent Beings and Industrious People when compared to those wretches.

I have wrote to Colonel Perss’s Car maker, and he will send the Car you want, by the first Ship that sails from Galway; he is a most ingenious man; these Cars with our Little horses draw from 7 to 9 Ct: and goe 92 miles in 4 days; the horses require but Little feeding; our City Canal is now compleated 36 Miles in Spite of the Villainy of Government, who robbed them of the sum of £6000 that was formerly granted to works of that Nature; their bonds and shares bear a premium; If Parliament Encouraged them the Navigation would be extended from St Georges Channel to the western ocean; you pay 5s.5d. for your passage in a most Excellency Boat for 30 miles; you have Excellent provisions, wine and all accomodations on Board, by this the Company gain a good fund, as many go to and from the City, only for the pleasure of Boating. They have an Excellent rule to prevent rioting or improper conduct on Board these passage Boats. No man is allowed more than one Bottle of wine, no Game of Chance permitted, nor servants allowed to Drink Spirits; we hope to have 6 passage Boats on the Canal, before Christmas next, for Ladies and Gentlemen; above Sixty for goods, and 12 for servants and Labourers.

After 9 years, it is astonishing to think that any Spirit of Volunteering exists in this Kingdom, particularily when it is Considered, that all Volunteers pay their own Expences and Except in my Corps and the Duke of Leicesters, Even the Colonels are Charged every 3 or 6 months. To morrow 6 Corps Encamp, and my Artillery (two 7 pounders) attend them; it is said, a Justice of the peace intends to read the riot Act and Command them to disperse. If that should be attempted, we should muster 50,000 in one Day. We do not Sleep. We only Slumber. Old Charlemouet has been at four Reviews this year; a good tryal for an old and Shattered Constitution; I mean to visit (incog) the Camp in a few days, to see how things are, and to take a Cheerfull Glass with my Brethern; where yours, Washingtons, Jay, and other American’s health will be toasted under the discharge of the whole Line, with Success to the Convention. That meeting I trust in Providence will Consolidate and fix the union on a Solid and respectable foundation; I admire the Idea, and have very Sanguine hopes of your Success; I admire the Choise that some states have made of Delegates, but what Damon or disciple of Toryism has invaded, or rather absorbed the Senses of the people of Rhode Island State? We are told, that No Delegates will be sent from that State. Do they mean to break the 13 Links of the Union? If they attempt it, disown them at once and they will be annihilated. Disolve all Council with them and Declare that you, the remaining 12, will not trade with those Nations, that   with them; make it an ordinance, that their paper or future coin shall not pass Current. The Confederate states their seceding has Vexed me, and Created some alarms in my American Breast. For there is not a man from the Bay of Fundy to the River Missisippi, who has more ardent wish for American Prosperity, than I have. I feel concerned in Every Measure in the states are concerned.

Should an European War take place in Consequence of Dutch or Brabant Politicks, and was I a member of Congress, I would resolutely oppose America’s Entering into a treaty, or action on Either side; she may loose but Cannot gain. Let America confine herself to Trade, build Ships of War by Degrees let no one state be so disprotionable powerfull, as Holland is to the other provinces. Such an Estate would prove the worst Spe   of Kingly Tyranny; Holland, from its Size and payment of Taxes, presumes to dictate to the other States; yet Friesland first repelled the Invader and promulgated the foundation of the Union. Her Little Corps of Volunteers were the first in the field and Checked the progress of a Numerous Army. Holland has always been presumptuous. She wished, since 1709, to make the rest of the Union only Cyphers; when I was there in 1753 I found it so. I lived with old Hope, and frequently conversed with Van Homright. Supremacy was their Creed, they dared to hold overysll and Gelderland in Contempt, as to Friesland, the stiled it, the Nooke of low reptiles.

By yesterdays London Papers, it seems the British Minister is Changed in his opinion and that he will agree with the rest of the Cabinet in taking the part of that weak man, the Stadholder. If England was wise, she would not bring new Troubles on his head, untill she had a fleet and Sailors sufficient to combat France and Spain; by a war she may loose her last India and West India Settlements, and then all her consequence must Sink never to rize again. This Country is by no means pleased with the British administration; the Enormous addition of Taxes and Pensions, in time of Peace, bears hard against us, and if a Little additional Trade does favor us, the Profits of it is applied solely to the purposes of Corruption.

I have just recieved a Letter from Colonel Wadsworth; your post offices are not     for he never recieved one from me, yet I always wrote by the same Conveyance to him, as I did to you. The seeds of the trees he sent me have succeeded Very well, and I Expect will agree very well with this Climate; he Calls them Butter Nutts, they are a Species of the Walnut and the Hiccory, that he sent, are flourishing; he promises me some Tulip Trees. Planting is my Hobby-Horse.

Often had I fixed my Departure for Philadelphia or New York, but Law, Cursed Law has hitherto prevented me. I am involved in that which I never had a moments Concern in during my Life before. I mean a Court of Law. I offered references between Gentlemen not of; or of, the Law, but nothing would do, but Litigation which may last 2 years. It has quite deranged all my plans, and frets the Partner of my Life and happiness.

I long to hear how Matters go on in the Convention.

Lady Newenham desires her most affectionate and warmest regards to you. You are first (after her Boys) in her heart and Conversation; her Love attends your amiable Grandson. May Every Blessing on Earth and hereafter attend the incorruptable Patriot. I have the Honor, to be, My Dear Sir with Sincere Respect and most inviolable Friendship your most affectionate and obedient Humble Servant