English painter.

Studied art with his father, an engraver. Specialized in painting theatrical scenes and portraits of actors and actresses. Political radical; friend of John Wilkes. Immigrated to Philadelphia (1784) in order to paint a series of historical scenes from the American Revolution. Painted portraits of Franklin, George Washington, and numerous other Revolutionary leaders. One of Pine’s patrons, Robert Morris, financed the construction of Pine’s Philadelphia house, which contained a special exhibition room with a skylight.

Son of John Pine of London. Married Mary Fulford (1749); four daughters.

First letter in correspondence: November 28, 1786; DAB; John A. Garraty and Mark C. Carnes, eds., American National Biography (24 vols., New York, 1999).