Philadelphia merchant and soldier.

Traded in partnership with his brother Lambert Cadwalader. Served on Committee of Public Safety with Franklin. Captain of Philadelphia military unit, the Silk-Stocking Company. Brigadier-general of Pennsylvania militia (1777). Played a prominent role in the Trenton campaign and fought a duel with Thomas Conway (1777-78). Served in Maryland legislature.

Son of Dr. Thomas and Hannah (Lambert) Cadwalader of Philadelphia, a prominent Welsh Quaker family. Attended College of Philadelphia but did not graduate. Married (1) Elizabeth Lloyd (1768); (2) Williamina Bond (1779).