I received, with very great pleasure, your obliging Letter by Mrs. Vaughan; and delivered to our Literary Society the Vol. of American Phil Transactions which accompanied it. The donation was highly acceptable, but from its intrinsic Value, and as a pledge of friendly correspondence with the excellent Institution over which you preside. The formal acknowledgement of such favors is the official duty of our Secretaries; and they have been directed to return our thanks in the most grateful and respectful terms, together with the present of our memoirs. The diffusion of the Arts and Sciences through so many extensive regions of the Globe must afford a subject of Contemplation peculiarly satisfactory to your mind; as you cannot but feel the delightful consciousness of having been a principal Instrument, under Providence, in its accomplishment and I hope that Sun, which has so long blessed the Nations, will not set till the Interests of Truth and knowledge, of Civil and religious Liberty, are firmly established in the Western Hemisphere, which it now enlightens.

Your valuable Papers on Chimnies and on the Consumption of Smoke, have arrived very seasonably to aid a plan which I have in view. It is my intention to offer a representation to our Magistrates, at the ensuing Quarter-Sessions, of the Expediency and necessity of adopting some measures to purify the Air of Manchester; For they are Guardians of the health, as well as of the Morals, of their Fellow Citizens. And though works, which are essential to the prosecution of Trade ought not to be deemed     the persons who are engaged in them should be induced or compelled to conduct them in a manner, as little injurious as possible, to the Public. This Town now contains about 46,000 Inhabitants; and I observe, with concern, an annual and large increase of Pulmonic Complaints. To the offensive fumes, which we breathe, I apprehend these distressing and fatal Maladies are chiefly to be ascribed. The Smoke from the Velvet- D   Works is particularly acrimonious and offensive to the Lungs; and it is so copious even from a single Chimney, as to scatter a shower of soot over a very considerable space. I shall think myself much obliged by the communication of any hints that your knowledge or experiemce may suggest on this subject, which is interesting not only to Manchester, but to most other Manufacturing Towns. We have now established here an Institution on a plan similar to the late Academy at Warrington: And, in conjunction with this, a Medical School is formed, which seems to bid fair for iminent success. I will send you our Reports, when the Manchester Memoirs are forwarded to you. Dr. and Mrs. Priestley have been here this summer, together with Dr. Kippis. Dr. P. is not in a very good state of health, having had a return of the Complaint with which he was visited several years ago. But his Spirits and Ardor do not desert him. He is at this time zealously engaged in attempts to convert the Jews to Christianity. For this undertaking he believes himself peculiarly well fitted, as it is a part of his Creed that Jesus Chst. was the actual son of Joseph, and a lineal Descendant of the house of David. But the Jewish Rabbis have declared their resolution to enter into no discussion on these topics, being forbidden, as they alledge, by their most sacred Laws. Dr. Kippis is busied with the Life of Cap. Cook,   is published separately, as well as     th    Britannica. Our excellency Friend Dr Price is, I hear, deeply affected with the death of his Wife. A fresh paralytic stroke carried he off about a month since. The Dr. is preparing for the press a Vol. of Sermons in support of the Doct. and an enlarged Edition of his valuable review of the principal Questions and difficulties in Morals. The College of Physicians in London have just printed a Speciment of a new Pharmacop.    Bakers, the President, has favoured me with a copy; and I think the Dispensatory, on the whole, is likely to be much improved.

I have already transmitted, in a Letter to Dr. Rush, my grateful acknowledgement to the American Phil. Society, for the honor of being elected into their Body. To you I am doubly much indebted for this mark of distinction. Accept my best thanks; and believe me to be, with the most Cordial respect and Esteerm Dear Sir, Your faithful, and much obligd Friend and Servant