Availing myself of your consent and recommendation, I embarked at LeHavre on board the Washington and sailed from thence the 1st. Instant. On the 2d. at 9 o’Clock A.M. We were within six Leagues of Poole in Dorsetshire, the Wind being bery favorable I quitted the Ship, went on board a small hoy bound to Poole and urged Captain Barney to proceed on his Voyage, leaving my excellent Postcarriage to take its fate on the Ship’s deck, in preference to the risk of delaying him a single hour. Had the Wind been Westerly I might have detained him a few days for dispatching to Congress the result of my applications to the Ministers of this Court. I judge, from the state of the Wind since I parted with Captain Braney, he was clar of the Channel on Sunday night the 3d. and that he is now 150 or 200 Leagues advanced on his Voyage.

I arrived in London late in the night of the 3d. on the 5th. had a conference with the Right Honorable C. J. Fox Esqr. which I committed to writing as soon as it had ended. I shall give it in short Dialogue as the best Way, not pretending to accuracy in every Word, but fully preserving the Sense and Substance.

Mr. Fox. I suppose Mr. L. you wish to forward the Ratification of the provisional Articles.

L. I could wish that was done Sir, but tis not the particular Business which I have in charge.

F. I understood from Mr. Hartley’s letter which you sent me it was, but he does not speak positively.

L. No Sir, the only Business I have in charge, is to enquire whether a Minister from the United State of America, would be properly received at this Court.

F. Most undoubtedly Sir, I could wish there was one here at present I think We have lost much time from a want of a Minister from your side.

L. Then Sir, will you be so good as to ask his Majesty the Question, and inform me.

F. I’ill take the King’s pleasure to morrow, and you shall hear from me, I suppose there is already a conditional appointment of some person now in Europe.

L. Not that I know of, tho’ I don’t know the contrary, but I have an excellent opportunity for writing to Congress and I have no doubt an appointment will be immediately made.

F. That’s unlucky, there must be two crossings the Ocean then, If a Minister from Congress had been here, We might have done our Business in half the time We have already spent, but I shall certainly inform you to morrow, this is the very time a Minister from your People is most necessary.

L. Tho’ I have nothing particularly in charge except the Business already-mentioned, I regreat the delay of both the commercial and Definitive Treaty. We had flattered ourselves with hopes in March and April that both would have been finished in a few days.

F. Why as to a Definitive Treaty I don’t see any necessity for one or not immediately. The Provisional Articles are to be inserted in and to constitute a Treaty. A Ratification of those I apprehend, will answer all purposes of a Definitive Treaty, they may be made Definitive. The case with respect to France and Spain differs widely, several Articles in our Preliminaries with them, refer to a Definitive Treaty.

L. I agree with you Sir, the Provisional Articles mutually ratified, may, by the consent of the Parties be made Definitive, but there may be additional Articles suggested and agreed to for mutual Benefit.

F. That’s true but I don’t see any at present. I very much regret the want of a Minister from America.

L. Permit me Sir to ask you, is it intended by the Proclamation of the 2d. July to exclude American Ships from the West India trade between the United States and the British Islands.

F. Yes certainly it was so intended, in order that We might have something to treat for and this will be a Subject for Commercial Treaty.

On the 6th. I waited upon his Grace the Duke of Portland. His Grace was equally clear and positive as Mr. Fox had declared himself, that a Minister from the United States of America would be well received at this court, and also regretted than an appointment had not earlier taken place. I touched upon the Commercial and Definitive Treaty, referred to conversation and assurances in March and April, intimated my apprehensions of pernicious Effects which might arise from excluding American Ships from a freedom of trade between the United States and the British West India Islands adding what I had learned from Doctor Franklin of the commerce intended by the Court of France to be permitted between our America and the French Islands. I can only say the Duke seemed to wish that every thing had been settled to mutual Satisfaction, and hoped that everything would soon be settled.

Yesterday by desire of Mr. Fox, I called upon him again, he said he had not seen the King, but that he had transmitted an Account to His Majesty of my application, that We might be perfectly satisfied however a Minister from Congress would be well recieved, that the appointment of one was much wished for here. That he must take blame to himself in some degree for the long Delay of a commercial Regulation, that that Business would now be soon finished, he had no objection himself to opening the West India Trade to the Americans, but there were many Parties to please and you know added Mr. Fox, the people of this Country very well. Yes Sir, I know something of them and I find not only the West India Planters but some of the most Judicious Merchants anxious for opening the Trade. I have been told by some of them they should be ruined without it. I believe all this said Mr. Fox, but there are other People of a different Opinion. As to the Definitive Treaty there may be as you observed new Articles necessary for mutual advantage and We may either add such to the Provisional Articles and make the whole Definitive or make a New Treaty but I understand it is expected this should be done under the Eye of, or in concert with the Court of France, which for my own part, I don’t like and can’t consent to.

I replied, in my opinion a New Treaty Definitive would be best, as well for incorporating additional Articles as for clearing away some of the Rubbish in the Provisional, which contained if not Nonsense, more than a little Ambiguity, that tho’ I did not see the necessity for it now, yet I had been told it was expected our Definitive Treaty should be finished in communication with the French Court, but as I had formerly observed I had recieved no charge on this head, and spoke only the Sentiments of Mr. Laurens to Mr. Fox, not to a Minister of Great Britain.

I have detailed facts as fully and fairly as memory has enabled me, I leave them with you under this one Remark that We are cooler in the Dog Days than We were at the vernal Equinox. The Philosophy of Versailles and Passy may account for and guard against the Effect of Extreme changes.

I have found my presence here at this Juncture of some use in explaining or attempting to explain the late Mutiny at Philadelphia, the Enemies of this Kingdom and the United States had exulted, the friends to both had too much abandoned themselves to dread that the Soldiery had assumed the Reins of Government and that all the States of America were rushing into Anarchy. Captain Carberry and Lieutenant Sullivan those rash young Officers who lead on the Mutineers to the State house arrived a few days ago, the former has been with me expressing deep concern for his misconduct desirous of returning, with an assurance of personal Safety, and wanting Money for supporting daily Expences, alledging that the United States are indebted, “are indebted to him at least twelve hundred Pound currency exclusive of Land.” I have recommended to him to return immediately and demean himself to the Laws of his Country and submit to the magnanimity of Congress, he expresses a dread of undergoing a trial. Could I afford it and were to advance Money for his living in London, should I not incur censure at home? I beg you will communicate such particulars of that disturbance and the Event of it, as you may have learned, and your opinion for my conduct respecting there Officers.

Mr. Barclay will tel you of a display of the American Standard under a triumphant British Pendant at a very capital inland Fair. Triffling as the insult may appear it discovers a little Leaven at Center. With every good wish, and with very great Respect and Esteem, I have the honor to be, Gentlemen, Your faithful and obedient Servant,